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paleoanthropology, genetics and evolution

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  • Rapid 3-d prototyping by mail

    Fri, 2008-08-01 11:08 -- John Hawks

    Have our problems getting casts suddenly become a lot easier?

    A new online service aims to bring customized manufacturing to the masses by allowing consumers to submit digital designs of products that are then printed, using 3-D printers, and shipped back.

    ...

    "From a technology viewpoint, Shapeways is not that new," says Weijmarshausen. "Rapid prototyping has been used by the aircraft and automotive industries for years, but now we're making it accessible to consumers."

    Users submit their design in digital form, after which Shapeways's software checks it over to ensure that it can be made. Shapeways then passes the design to its production line of polymer printers, delivering the tangible object within 10 days of ordering, with prices typically between $50 and $150.

    Expect prices to fall. Now if we can only get hold of those CT scans...

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  • Google to launch open access scientific data storage

    Sat, 2008-01-19 22:53 -- John Hawks

    This story (from the Wired blog) is making the rounds: terabytes of storage space on Google servers free to scientific projects that want to share data openly:

    The storage would fill a major need for scientists who want to openly share their data, and would allow citizen scientists access to an unprecedented amount of data to explore. For example, two planned datasets are all 120 terabytes of Hubble Space Telescope data and the images from the Archimedes Palimpsest, the 10th century manuscript that inspired the Google dataset storage project.

    This seems like a promising option for some (although probably not all) paleoanthropology datasets. Because it helps to address two of the biggest issues. One (at the top of everyone's awareness) is data access. But even though that's troubling to many people, I would say a bigger threat is the long-term future of datasets as the original collectors retire, lose interest, die, become crotchety (not that I know any that are crotchety...). Google is free, and they keep backups!

  • Google archaeology

    Fri, 2005-10-07 18:08 -- John Hawks

    Webcrawlers turn up strange news from the past sometimes. Here's a case in point, from a 2001 Addis Tribune article:

    AL-444 Safe In Museum

    ARCCH Refutes Allegations of a Missing Hominid Fossil

    By Our Staff Reporter

    The AL- 444, the specimen of Lucy's type is safe in the Ethiopian National Museum. Ato Jara Hailemariam, General Manager of the Authority for Research and Conservation of Cultural Heritage (ARCCH) in the Ministry of Information and Culture was reacting to widespread allegations that have first been published on the now defunct Amharic Daily Eletawi Addis on March 13, 2001.

    "AL-444 was out for a CT scan, a procedure unavailable in Ethiopia, to Austria, and was returned promptly within the domain of the agreement reached with Austrian scientists currently undertaking paleoanthropological studies in the Afar Depression," Jara told Addis Tribune quoting an agreement entered with Professor Horst Seidler of the Institute of Anthropology at Vienna University, Austria. The scanning of the fossil, Jara said, was meant to help provide scientific information.

    It all seems to have been a misunderstanding, as a later article from the next week makes clear, but not without additional confusion:

    Austrian Scientist Denies Making Cast of AL 444

    The dispute over A.L. 444 took a different turn this week when allegations and counter allegations begun taking shape in the capital. Dr. Berhane Asfaw denied having said A.L. 444 was not returned back to Ethiopia after it was taken out to Austria for a computer tomography (CT) scan. "I did not say the fossil was not returned to Ethiopia," Berhane, a member of the Middle Awash Paleoanthropological Research Project, a team involved in the fossil hunt in Ethiopia to determine human evolution, told Addis Tribune in a telephone conversation mid this week. He was reacting to last week's story reported by Tribune citing Eletawi Addis (March 13, 2001) where he was quoted by the paper's reporter as saying that the hominid fossil was not returned from Austria after it was taken by Professor Horst Seidler of the Institute of Anthropology, University of Austria for a CT scan. Berhane said Eletawi carried an erratum the next day. In that erratum, Berhane was again quoted to have said, "It is not the original fossil but the copy that was not returned to Ethiopia."

    Meanwhile, Seidler who was in town over the weekend told Tribune that there is no such thing as a "copy" of A.L. 444 in Austria. "I have no cast, no copy of that fossil in Austria," he said venting frustrations at having been made to react to allegations, which he notes have continued nagging him for no apparent reason. "In accordance with our agreement with the ARCCH, I have made a CT scan of the fossil which shows the data of the specimen; and they are locked away even from me until the scientists who have discovered it publish a monograph on their find."

    It's all old news, at least if you get the Addis Tribune. Of course the AL 444 monograph was published last year, so it will be wonderful to be able to buy the data from the University of Vienna digital archive.

    "The agreement we have reached clearly stipulates that the fossil would be CT scanned and not have it published on CD-ROM and make it available for distribution"

    D'oh!

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Neandertals

For years, I've worked on their bones. Now I'm working on their genes. Read more about the science studying these ancient people.

Denisova

From a finger bone of an ancient human came the record of a completely unexpected population. My lab is working on the science of the Denisova genome.

Acceleration

The advent of agriculture caused natural selection to speed up greatly in humans. We're uncovering some of the ways that populations have rapidly changed during the last 10,000 years.

Malapa

Just outside Johannesburg, the Malapa site is producing some of the most exciting finds in human evolution. This site is the headquarters of the Malapa Soft Tissue Project.