john hawks weblog

paleoanthropology, genetics and evolution

careers

  • Job marketing yourself

    Thu, 2012-02-09 08:37 -- John Hawks

    Some job interview advice from Karen Kelsky: "The 'Be Yourself' Myth".

    [Y]ou have to create a professional persona. That persona is a full-fledged adult who demonstrates a tightly organized research program, a calm confidence in a research contribution to a field or discipline, a clear and specific trajectory of publications, innovative but concise, non-emotional ideas about teaching at all levels of the curriculum, a non-defensive openness to the exchange of ideas, and most importantly, a steely-eyed grasp of the real (as opposed to fantasy) needs of actual hiring departments, which revolve ultimately, in the current market, around money.

    I have many friends on the job market this year. The advice isn't precisely pertinent for postdocs, but with some small alterations it still works.

  • Counting citations and career fitness

    Sun, 2012-01-08 15:53 -- John Hawks

    Philip Ball: "The h-index, or the academic equivalent of the stag's antlers".

    Few topics excite more controversy among scientists. When I spoke about the h-index to the German Physical Society a few years ago, the huge auditorium was packed. Some deplore it; some find it useful. Some welcome it as a defence against the subjective capriciousness of review and tenure boards.

    ...

    No one officially endorses the h-index for evaluation, but scientists confess that they use it all the time as an informal way of, say, assessing applicants for a job. The trouble is that it's precisely for average scientists that the index works rather poorly: small differences in small h-indices don't tell you very much.

    In anthropology, the h-index has almost no utility at the time it matters -- hiring and tenure. Citations have a long tail distribution -- a few papers will usually capture the majority of citations of a scholar's work, with most papers being relatively uncited. The h-index provides a measure that discounts the citations from one or two super-highly-cited papers, in an attempt to quantify more of the shape of the distribution of citations among an individual's works. The number of publications and citations for early-career scholars is just too low for the shape to differ much among scholars that have published the same number of papers. You see, just as an individual's distribution citations have a long tail, so does the distribution of citations among scholars. Publication count gives a proxy for effort, but whether that effort has translated into important effects is generally not well indicated by citations until later in the career.

    Metrics are a way to deflect accountability from promotion committees. Stag antlers work, in principle, because they are honest signals of the stag's ability to survive and thrive in the face of a significant handicap. If that's true of later-career scholars with high citation counts, it's probably a sign that the handicaps should be removed for younger academics!

  • Interviewing with good humor

    Wed, 2011-12-07 21:38 -- John Hawks

    Michael E. Smith's post, "War stories from academic job interviews" is too good not to share. He describes several of his job interview experiences, with characteristic good humor and honesty about the ones that were "bad faith".

    A question from a graduate student after my talk effectively destroyed the entire conceptual foundation of my talk. Absolutely buried me! Deader than a doornail. The interviewee's worst nightmare. As soon as the question was posed, I realized I was sunk. Yet I had this flash that the answer to the contradiction was just at my fingertips, but I couldn't bring it in. I did not get an offer (surprise, surprise). Later I figured out how to resolve the conceptual contradiction that burned me, and got some mileage out of it in a couple of articles. In the acknowledgements of one, I thanked an anonymous graduate student for asking the right question at the wrong time. But after that experience, I was bullet-proof at interviews.

    I've always had great fun on academic job interviews. There were times when it was obvious I wasn't getting the job, but even so, there were always people in the department I really got along well with. I always look forward to meeting new people and hearing their stories, and sharing mine!

    Tags: 
  • Paying for advice on the job market

    Fri, 2011-09-30 15:20 -- John Hawks

    Must read: former anthropologist Karen Kelsky's article in the Chronicle of Higher Education (To Professors; Re: Your Advisees). Kelsky chucked her career in anthropology to start a consulting business for graduate students on the job market. By her account, she's doing a brisk trade giving students the advise that their advisors can't be bothered to give:

    That kind of career derives far less from a thick wad of dissertation pages than from the quantity of one's publications, the impressiveness of one's grant record, the fame of one's reference-writers, and the clarity of one's ambition. I don't find it problematic to say any of that openly. But apparently you do. You reject it as "vulgar" and "careerist"—as if wanting to have health insurance is vulgar and wanting to not go on food stamps is careerist.

    That is pure intellectual snobbery. To acknowledge your graduate students as people in a workforce requires you to acknowledge yourselves as workers, and to do that you must finally abandon the self-delusion of the ivory tower—that scholarly work is "above" capitalist exchange and anything as gauche as money. And that you will not do. The irony of faculty "work" ("I'm working on a project on death and the abject") is its scrupulous denial of any acknowledged kinship to the actual wage-work for which you do, indeed, draw a salary.

    The comments are interesting, too, with some of her current clients chiming in. A pretty big fraction of professors working today actually wouldn't have the least clue how to start a job search as a new Ph.D. That's a good reason for prospective Ph.D. students looking at an institution to poll current graduate students and find out about the quality of their advising.

  • Sign your stuff

    Mon, 2011-09-12 10:30 -- John Hawks

    From science illustrator Kalliopi Monoyios: "3 Marketing Mistakes Young Illustrators Make". Important: sign your work.

    Think of every illustration you make as a potential marketing tool for your next great gig. If someone is moved by your work, they will want to find you. Give them a search term that will be sure to lead them to you instantly: your full name. Heck, these days it almost makes sense to save them a step and sign with your website URL.

    A lot of this advice can be generalized. You never know when a piece of your work may get unexpected attention and cause people to look you up. If you haven't got a contact, they won't find you.

  • Blogging for scholars

    Wed, 2011-05-11 08:30 -- John Hawks

    Stephen T. Casper writes on "Why academics should blog", with an interesting historical perspective. Once upon a time, faculty clubs, dining facilities and pubs provided venues for young scholars to find mentorship and advance within an institution.

    Those informal activities reduced over time, as scholarship within fields (particularly in the sciences) became more professionalized, the job market was nationalized, and -- most important -- women entered the academy in large numbers. Informal lunch tables full of men were the standard 50 years ago, but are fundamentally outside my faculty experience. It's not something I really have thought much about.

    Increasingly, there were few facilities beyond the regular colloquium (cookies, tea, and coffee inclusive) where young faculty could engage with senior faculty within their university. The disciplines became bizarrely more disciplined. The reading groups within departments often found themselves short of faculty. Cross-disciplinary work became harder to maintain – especially as the universities began to adopt corporate models of scholarly production that quantified output in teaching, research, and grants.

    In other words, academia became less like a calling and more like a job. By analogy, does that mean that blogging is the new calling?

    Strategically, young scholars and scientists saw that it was in there best interest to look outside of universities to likeminded partners who could carry on the business of collaboration (which was often intellectually fulfilling even as it was productive in research, grant success and citation). In other words, further social pressures pushed colleagues apart. It became harder and harder to ask colleagues: “will you read this article” or “do you have time for lunch to discuss ideas.” Not that the answer was invariably no – it wasn’t. But because it had become evident that what most academics required was a ‘college of one’s own’ – yet the pressures of teaching, engagement and productivity within the university were headwinds against the formation of such a culture.

    Signs point to yes.

    Anyway, I think this is a perspective worth more thought. Aside from my graduate students, I spend vastly more time and effort mentoring friends and junior colleagues at other institutions than at my own. Anthropology is a national market, and my close academic friends are everywhere. Even my close friends outside anthropology are everywhere, many of them in the science blogging community, but others in more traditional academic roles. Online communication has given me a vastly richer network of academic interactions.

  • Social media in science

    Sun, 2011-04-17 08:20 -- John Hawks

    Last month, Virginia Gewin put an article in Nature about social media and science, which is now available online for free: "Social media: Self-reflection, online".

    The Internet is markedly changing how science — and scientists — are perceived. Publications are lauded or rebuked in the Twittersphere (see Nature 469, 286–287; 2011), and leaked e-mails can escalate into political controversy, as in the case of 'climategate' (see Nature 468, 345; 2010). Scientists can also now engage with the public in new and innovative ways, as demonstrated by a researcher who was contacted about his ancestry after publishing his genome on the Internet (see Nature 468, 880–881; 2010). “Even if you never pay attention to the online world and don't want anything to do with it, it's bleeding into your real life,” says Liz Neeley, the Seattle-based assistant director of science outreach at the Communication Partnership for Science and the Sea, an organization that helps scientists to engage with the public.

    Gewin spoke to several blogging and tweeting scientists, and I get to play a small part as the voice of moderation. A range of people at different career stages get a few words to describe how blogging and social media fit into their strategy.

    Along similar lines is an article from The Scientist late last year: "You aren't blogging yet?" It's sort of a howto featuring Bora Zivkovic and Jonathan Eisen, among others.

    Science is a realm in which many highly motivated and smart people are competing for a limited number of jobs. There are many ways to put your work forward, and blogging can be one of them. I never discount that the biggest factor is luck. But 90 percent of luck is standing in the right place at the right time. The beauty of a blog is that it's standing there waiting all the time for the right person to look.

  • Tenure for Wikipedia

    Thu, 2011-04-14 08:20 -- John Hawks

    The Wikimedia Foundation reported last week on a professor at Auburn University, Montgomery, who included his Wikipedia editing history in his tenure packet:

    “I’ve written articles in many areas, and in many cases I could show my colleagues what I had done in their field,” Michel [Aaij] says. “I’d like to think that by now most of them have a favorable opinion of Wikipedia. Let’s face it: Guillaume de Dole, now a Good Article, there’s no database entry or encyclopedic article anywhere that compares to the Wikipedia article on that poem (and I realize that that says as much about Wikipedia as about the anywhere else).”

    He teaches in English and Philosophy. Personally, I view this as no different from counting solicited encyclopedia entries. These are not counted as highly as original research effort, but they do factor in as evidence of professional research activity. Obviously you don't want to tenure somebody whose only research contributions are derivative, but that's not what this story is saying.

    I wouldn't contribute to Wikipedia because the editing process does not sufficiently protect expert contributors. But Wikipedia has a far greater public impact than any printed encyclopedia, and providing accurate content is a service that for many topics requires substantial expertise. Universities would be wise to find ways to recognize this kind of service and connect their scholarship to the broader public.

    Tags: 
  • Moving out of academia

    Thu, 2011-02-03 23:06 -- John Hawks

    Kathy Weston describes in Science Careers how she came to leave her position as a research scientist in Britain: "Falling Off the Ladder: How Not to Succeed in Academia". It's a powerful dose of self-reflection, and has lessons for young scientists looking to move up the career ladder.

    What could I have done to check my descent into mediocrity? I should have put aside my fears of looking dumb and got on with the networking stuff anyway. And -- very importantly -- I should have found myself a mentor. Every scientist needs someone in a position of power who has faith in his or her abilities, to provide advice and do a bit of trumpet-blowing on his or her behalf. I should have taken more scientific risks, gone for bigger stakes, and thought harder about direction. Finally, I should have followed my instincts and quit my job before it quit me -- but I was hampered by an exaggerated terror of being labeled a failure.

    From tenure, she found herself increasingly dissatisfied, partly because her priorities changed, partly because of the treadmill of maintaining a lab. I hope she will write a longer version, I'm sure there are interesting tales.

    Tags: 

Pages

Subscribe to careers

Neandertals

For years, I've worked on their bones. Now I'm working on their genes. Read more about the science studying these ancient people.

Denisova

From a finger bone of an ancient human came the record of a completely unexpected population. My lab is working on the science of the Denisova genome.

Acceleration

The advent of agriculture caused natural selection to speed up greatly in humans. We're uncovering some of the ways that populations have rapidly changed during the last 10,000 years.

Malapa

Just outside Johannesburg, the Malapa site is producing some of the most exciting finds in human evolution. This site is the headquarters of the Malapa Soft Tissue Project.